- In 1916 the federal govt. commandeered specialist photographers to take pics.
-Hubert Williams and Frank Huley first Australian War Photographers, both famous photographers from Antarctica.
- All negs were taken into military history collection
- large part of war photography is negs rather than vintage prints
- before 1916, the govt relied upon soldiers to bring back images from the battles
- gollipoli was taken by soldiers but soon after cameras were banned
- 20,000 original negs from 1st world war. Plenty more from other wars. The war collection has around 400,000 images (on website)
- use to do neg film on polyester film but have done away, everything is digitised. 5000dpi .tif files.
- act had to be re-written on the eve of 2nd world war to collect more images as act was out dated.
- film camera, more difficult
- studio portraits were taken of 300,00 soldiers for 1st world war
- not many pics from boxer rebellion, images were graphic for the time.
- don't collect everything
- exhibition on nursing
Monday, August 20, 2012
Tuesday, July 31, 2012
Monday, June 18, 2012
Post Modern Architecture and National Museum
post·mod·ern·ism
Definition:
any of a number of trends or movements in the arts and literature developing in the 1970s in reaction to or rejection of the dogma, principles, or practices of established modernism, especially a movement in architecture and the decorative arts running counter to the practice and influence of the International Style and encouraging the use of elements from historical vernacular styles and often playful illusion, decoration, and complexity.
Post Modern Architecture still uses steel, concrete and glass to build the structures but it has a spin using computers, sleeker lines that suit more of an environmental spin and more energy efficient and also re-using old buildings to form new ones.
National Museum of Australia
Minimilism and Conceptual Art
Minimalism
http://www.zenfolio.com/benhouston/e/pages/blog.aspx#new In 1913 a man by the name of Kasimir Malevich placed a black square in a white background, this started the minimalist revolution.
The painting came with a very powerful quote, “art no longer cares to serve the state and religion; it no longer wishes to illustrate the history of manners, it wants to have nothing further to do with the object as such, and believes that it can exist, in and for itself, without things”
(quoted Gablik in Stangos 1981, p. 244)
It was the least popular revolution amongst art buyers and critiques. It laid low for decades until artist in the 60's bought it back into vogue, noting that they were bored with the modern day action paintings and preferred to paint with intuition rather than a form or light painting.
Conceptual Art
Conceptual Art was first formed in 1961 by the American theorist and Composer Henry Flynt. Duchamp paved the way for the Conceptual artists with his Urinal sculpture entitled "DMut", I have summarised this work in a previous blog. It was known as the dematerialisation of art and concentrated breaking down art to its bare bones. Photography was used a visual recording device to follow the artists ideas:
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/384056/minimalism
www.googleimages.com
http://www.zenfolio.com/benhouston/e/pages/blog.aspx#new In 1913 a man by the name of Kasimir Malevich placed a black square in a white background, this started the minimalist revolution.
The painting came with a very powerful quote, “art no longer cares to serve the state and religion; it no longer wishes to illustrate the history of manners, it wants to have nothing further to do with the object as such, and believes that it can exist, in and for itself, without things”
(quoted Gablik in Stangos 1981, p. 244)
It was the least popular revolution amongst art buyers and critiques. It laid low for decades until artist in the 60's bought it back into vogue, noting that they were bored with the modern day action paintings and preferred to paint with intuition rather than a form or light painting.
Conceptual Art
Conceptual Art was first formed in 1961 by the American theorist and Composer Henry Flynt. Duchamp paved the way for the Conceptual artists with his Urinal sculpture entitled "DMut", I have summarised this work in a previous blog. It was known as the dematerialisation of art and concentrated breaking down art to its bare bones. Photography was used a visual recording device to follow the artists ideas:
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/384056/minimalism
www.googleimages.com
Bauhaus Inspired Image Around the House - Mac Finder Icon
I chose something a little different for my Bauhaus inspired photo. The apple icon finder was inspired by the first Bauhaus logo and Exposition poster from Weimer, Germany the home of Bauhaus. The Bauhaus logo seems to be inspired by picasso's "Two Characters".
The finder is noted as Bauhaus because of the thick lines through the square face. The lines intersecting two complimentary colours and the back to front, front to back face, adding a spin on the original poster face. Steve Jobs (RIP), former Apple Inc CEO, quoted Picasso “Good artists copy, great artists steal”.
Steve Jobs seems to be dedicating the use of the image to Picasso as a get out of jail free card for stealing his image!
My photo of the Icon:
The icon:
.jpg)
The finder is noted as Bauhaus because of the thick lines through the square face. The lines intersecting two complimentary colours and the back to front, front to back face, adding a spin on the original poster face. Steve Jobs (RIP), former Apple Inc CEO, quoted Picasso “Good artists copy, great artists steal”.
Steve Jobs seems to be dedicating the use of the image to Picasso as a get out of jail free card for stealing his image!
My photo of the Icon:
The icon:
First Bauhaus Poster:
.jpg)
Picasso's two characters
resource: artresource.com
Saturday, June 2, 2012
Abstract Expressionism and Nationalism
Abstract Expressionism
Abtract Expressionism was formed in the States from the 1940's to the 1950's. The idea was to convey emotional feeling and rawness by using colour and predominantly large canvases. Jackson Pollack was a world famous abstract Expressionist.
Jackson Pollack - Galaxy
Nationalism
Margret Preston believed that Aboriginal Art should form the basis for an Australian uniformed art. She was well educated, married to a rich husband and had everything going for her. She was a Nationalist and believed in the Aboriginal art movement.
Young Margret Preston - 18 yrs old
Albert Namatijira was an icon between the 1920's -1940's around the same time the Australian public including aboriginal people were going through plenty of upheavel.
Namitijira had a real honesty about his work, he was from NT and his work was much more than any white painter during the time. He assimilated into white man culture but this came at a cost. His people disowned him and tried to take a portion of his money, this was in accordance to Aboriginal law. He tried to build a house but Aboriginals couldn't come out after dark in NT because they were not citizens. In 1957 the NT government made an exception for Albert but suggested his kids would not be able to visit as they were wards of the state in Alice.
Albert Namitijira before heart attack in jail
reference:
skhs.org.au
http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/namatjira-albert-elea-11217
Abtract Expressionism was formed in the States from the 1940's to the 1950's. The idea was to convey emotional feeling and rawness by using colour and predominantly large canvases. Jackson Pollack was a world famous abstract Expressionist.
Nationalism
Margret Preston believed that Aboriginal Art should form the basis for an Australian uniformed art. She was well educated, married to a rich husband and had everything going for her. She was a Nationalist and believed in the Aboriginal art movement.
Albert Namatijira was an icon between the 1920's -1940's around the same time the Australian public including aboriginal people were going through plenty of upheavel.
Namitijira had a real honesty about his work, he was from NT and his work was much more than any white painter during the time. He assimilated into white man culture but this came at a cost. His people disowned him and tried to take a portion of his money, this was in accordance to Aboriginal law. He tried to build a house but Aboriginals couldn't come out after dark in NT because they were not citizens. In 1957 the NT government made an exception for Albert but suggested his kids would not be able to visit as they were wards of the state in Alice.
Albert Namitijira before heart attack in jail
reference:
skhs.org.au
http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/namatjira-albert-elea-11217
Pop Art and 1960s Politics in America
Pop Art
Pop Art was coined by a journo discussing the artists use of all things pop at the time. Andy Warhol was a key figure in this era, taking popular items and placing them in a photo and calling it art. This flew against the previous conservative artist that used skill, instead of placement to create their work. It seemed like a celebration of consumerism too, with adverts for soup and the like. Bright fluro colours were generally used and sometimes slogans too. The Pop art culture in Britain road on the curt tails of American products flooding the UK consumer market.
"These raw materials were largely scraps and traces of Americana left over from U.S. servicemen after WWII – ads, comics, posters, packages – and also the influx of American goods into Britain post-war. In this post-war time of hope and of rebuilding, Depression years. So, it is understandable that envy, materialism and politics" quote from Tess notes.
Ref:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2007/aug/26/art
Pop Art was coined by a journo discussing the artists use of all things pop at the time. Andy Warhol was a key figure in this era, taking popular items and placing them in a photo and calling it art. This flew against the previous conservative artist that used skill, instead of placement to create their work. It seemed like a celebration of consumerism too, with adverts for soup and the like. Bright fluro colours were generally used and sometimes slogans too. The Pop art culture in Britain road on the curt tails of American products flooding the UK consumer market.
"These raw materials were largely scraps and traces of Americana left over from U.S. servicemen after WWII – ads, comics, posters, packages – and also the influx of American goods into Britain post-war. In this post-war time of hope and of rebuilding, Depression years. So, it is understandable that envy, materialism and politics" quote from Tess notes.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2007/aug/26/art
Russian Constructivism and Bauhaus
Russian constructivism
Russian constructivism came about after the end of world war 1. The Russian Artists started the movement looking for a more peaceful, compliant and reasonable outlook. The work was carried out with solid objects but no real understanding of a representation. Majority of the work was industrial in nature. Artists used harder grade materials like steel, hard plastic, wood and stone.
Some of the artists from this era are as listed:
Main Representatives: Alexander Rodchenko, Liubov Popova, Vladimir Tatlin, Olga Rozanova, Alexandra Exter, Naum Gabo, El Lissitzky, Antoine Pevsner, Kasimir Malevich and Alexander Vesnin.
Bauhaus
Bauhaus is a German word and it described a school of design established by Walter Gropius in Weimar in 1919, best known for its designs of objects based on functionalism and simplicity.Bauhaus School bought together all the great architects and artists in the day. Most of them German. The Nazi's didn't agree with what they were doing because they had many Russian artists invovled in the school.
The scool bought the design, sophistication and a real place amongst the art elite in America and Europe. Many artists were attached to the school but were kicked out of the country because of their affiliation with the movement.
Bauhaus brings artists together fine arts and crafts to modernise engineering through art, expression and to look at simplicity as the next modern adventure.
Ref. www.arthistoryarchive.com
Russian constructivism came about after the end of world war 1. The Russian Artists started the movement looking for a more peaceful, compliant and reasonable outlook. The work was carried out with solid objects but no real understanding of a representation. Majority of the work was industrial in nature. Artists used harder grade materials like steel, hard plastic, wood and stone.
Some of the artists from this era are as listed:
Main Representatives: Alexander Rodchenko, Liubov Popova, Vladimir Tatlin, Olga Rozanova, Alexandra Exter, Naum Gabo, El Lissitzky, Antoine Pevsner, Kasimir Malevich and Alexander Vesnin.
Bauhaus
Bauhaus is a German word and it described a school of design established by Walter Gropius in Weimar in 1919, best known for its designs of objects based on functionalism and simplicity.Bauhaus School bought together all the great architects and artists in the day. Most of them German. The Nazi's didn't agree with what they were doing because they had many Russian artists invovled in the school.
The scool bought the design, sophistication and a real place amongst the art elite in America and Europe. Many artists were attached to the school but were kicked out of the country because of their affiliation with the movement.
Bauhaus brings artists together fine arts and crafts to modernise engineering through art, expression and to look at simplicity as the next modern adventure.
Ref. www.arthistoryarchive.com
Task 4: Futurist Manifest
We were asked to write our own futurist manifesto:
1. Believe
2. Work your ass off
3. Never Settle
4. Give a mile, get a smile
5. Take the photo
6. Live the Dream
7. Feel the need, the need for speed
8. K.I.S.S
9. Throw out most of your stuff
10. No one gets out alive;)
1. Believe
2. Work your ass off
3. Never Settle
4. Give a mile, get a smile
5. Take the photo
6. Live the Dream
7. Feel the need, the need for speed
8. K.I.S.S
9. Throw out most of your stuff
10. No one gets out alive;)
Thursday, May 31, 2012
Summary Dadda and Surrealism
Dadda
"Dadda" or Daddaism in French means rocking horse.
The movement started during the first world war in Zurich, Switzerland. It began there because there were so many artists fleeing from their own countries that were at war. They were very angry about Europe letting the war get to the stage that it did. It started with a revolt against world war 1 and moved against logic and highlighted scatological humour. It really discovered absurdity, stating if the world is going to lose all its senses and structure then so the art world followed. Urinals and bike tyres, Monal Lisa with a mo. All swipes at the norm. Dadda has cropped up again and again throughout the 20th century.
Marcel Duchamp's Fountain
No skill required
References:
http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one/a/dada.htm
http://roberthughesartloverdai.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/dada-is-so-foxtrot-ashtray-boolelsj.html
Surrealism
André Breton wrote Le Manifeste du Surréalisme in 1924 and this signalled the start of the surrealist movement. One of the most important in the history of the 20th century. He defined Surrealism as "Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express - verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner - the actual functioning of thought."
Breton did many hours of work as a psychologist and through this he sought to influence other artists by promoting taking away the subconscious mind to let the imagination flow.
Max Ernst - The Elephant Celebes
extract from:
http://www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism
"Dadda" or Daddaism in French means rocking horse.
The movement started during the first world war in Zurich, Switzerland. It began there because there were so many artists fleeing from their own countries that were at war. They were very angry about Europe letting the war get to the stage that it did. It started with a revolt against world war 1 and moved against logic and highlighted scatological humour. It really discovered absurdity, stating if the world is going to lose all its senses and structure then so the art world followed. Urinals and bike tyres, Monal Lisa with a mo. All swipes at the norm. Dadda has cropped up again and again throughout the 20th century.
Marcel Duchamp's Fountain
References:
http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one/a/dada.htm
http://roberthughesartloverdai.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/dada-is-so-foxtrot-ashtray-boolelsj.html
Surrealism
André Breton wrote Le Manifeste du Surréalisme in 1924 and this signalled the start of the surrealist movement. One of the most important in the history of the 20th century. He defined Surrealism as "Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express - verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner - the actual functioning of thought."
Breton did many hours of work as a psychologist and through this he sought to influence other artists by promoting taking away the subconscious mind to let the imagination flow.
Max Ernst - The Elephant Celebes
extract from:
http://www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism
Wednesday, May 30, 2012
Task 3 - Impressionist Painter - Vincent Van Gogh
Tess' instructions:
Write at least 3 paragraphs on something of interest about one
Impressionist artist, and make sure you give me your references.
Vincent Van Gogh
Vincent Van Gogh was born into a Protestant family in the Netherlands in 1853, he was the son of a
Pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church. He had another brother, Vincent, who was a "still born" child,
this brother was born exactly 12 months before Vincent. He had another younger brother also, his name,
Theo Van Gogh, they wrote letters to each other until the day Vincent died. A lot of the information from
Vincents bio's has been extracted from these letters. Theo was also into art, like most of Vincent's family.
Van Gogh studied at King William Secondary school in Tilburg until the age of 15.
He worked as an Art Trader with "Goupil & Cie" from 1869. Vincent had two Uncles, Uncle Cornilia's
or "Uncle Cor" and an Uncle with the same name, Vincent, he was aptly called "Uncle Cent". Uncle Cent
had a 3rd of a share in the Art dealer business but retired in 1872. Vincent stayed on with the
firm, in this time, he was transferred to the London Office, where he was also an assistant Preacher with
the Protestant Church and was romantically linked to the daughter of the family he was staying
with at the time.
He stayed in London for two years and then moved back to Paris. He wasn't coping with the move and
decided to leave "Goupil & Cie" all together. In 1877, Vincent moved to Amsterdam to study
Theology. He was only there until 1878 before he decided to move back home to Etten, Netherlands.
He moved to Borinage, a coal mining town in Belgium. He was the Pastor to the Coal mining families.
The conditions were harsh and Vincent gave away his food and clothing to the miners. The church did
not approve of this and subsequently let him go. He was relegated to a town close by Borinage where he
struggled to live in the harsh environment. However this is where he got to see first hand how the poor
lived. Theo, eventually sent him money, so he could move to Brussells to began studying art.
Vincent returned home to Etten in the holidays. This is were he met and fell in love with his
cousin, Cornelius or nickname "Kee". She ignored his advances and it soured his relationship with
her and his father. Van Gough had another cousin, who was an artist too, his name was Anton,
he gave Vincent his first set of water colours. Their relationship was also strained when Vincent started
courting a prostitute, Sienne Hoornik.
In 1886, after many years of refining his art Vincent Van Gogh produced the painting, "Potato Eaters".
it seemed to be influenced by his time in the coal mining town. It wasn't a masterpiece until later
on but it did set him in the right direction back to Paris.
"Potato Eaters"
He moved in with his brother Theo on his return to Paris, this part of his life was harder for historians
to document now that his letters had stopped to Theo. Its well known that he befriended Paul Gauguin.
Van Gogh had painted one of his well known peices of art, "Sun Flowers", to decorate his bedroom.
"Sunflowers"
Vincent was hoping Gauguin would be apart of his art school. Their relationship soured though due to
Van Gogh's erattic behaviour, which included psychotic episodes and hallucinations.
During an episode at Gauguin's, Van Gogh allegedly chased Gauguin around with a knife, later that day
he came back and as part of his apology cut off his ear!!
In 1888, Vincent committed himself to a mental asylum. In this time he's art work was confused and
lacked form, he's only shinning light was "Starry night". On 27 June 1890, Vincent Van Gogh shot
himself in the chest as an attempted suicide, 2 days latter he passed away.
"Starry night"
references:
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/vgchr.htm
http://www.vggallery.com/misc/bio.htm
http://www.arthistoryguide.com
Summary - Cubism and Futurism
Summary - Cubism and Futurism
Before World War 1 1909 -1914, the world was in a state of flux.
Democracy, Capitalism and industrialisation made the world turn faster. Art was changing rapidly too. Painters were moving away from traditional still life's, portraits and landscapes scenes, instead starting to experiment with a modern take on the old images utilsing colour, lines, spaces and shapes.
From 1909 to 1914 Braque and Picasso collaborated so intimately that Braque said “We were like two mountain climbers roped together.” (quoted Hunter & Jacobus, p. 140 and taken from Tess notes.)
Biraques example of Cubism :
"Head of a Woman" released in 1909
Picasso's remake of his painting "Old Guitarist".
Ppaintinga.com
Old Guitarist...
google.com.au
Photography had a movement of its own with Italian photographers discovering the ability to take an x-ray. There were lots of experimenting with some slightly madder photographers trying to capture the spitit in motion.
Photodynamism
This was a movement run by an Italian Photographer called Anton Bragaglia. Instead of capturing people via cinematography Braglia decided he would capture the actual movement of time a person takes to move their body and the space they go through to change positions see below, ref Italianfuturism.com
"Cubism, 1900s-1910s:
Characteristics:
-splintered shapes, flattened space and geometric blocks of color
-quest to find a new concept of painting as an arrangement of form and color on a two-dimensional surface
-multiple angles
-reconstruct objects
-battle between what the eyes see and what the mind knows to be there – based on Einstein’s theory of relativity
Futurism, 1910s-1920s:
Characteristics:
-rejection of everything old, dull, “feminine” and safe
-promoted the exhilarating “masculine” experiences of warfare and reckless speed (of modern technology and urban life)"
Marinetti was the architect of Futurist movement here is a copy of hos Manifesto taken from Tess' notes.
ref. academics.smcvt.edu
Before World War 1 1909 -1914, the world was in a state of flux.
Democracy, Capitalism and industrialisation made the world turn faster. Art was changing rapidly too. Painters were moving away from traditional still life's, portraits and landscapes scenes, instead starting to experiment with a modern take on the old images utilsing colour, lines, spaces and shapes.
From 1909 to 1914 Braque and Picasso collaborated so intimately that Braque said “We were like two mountain climbers roped together.” (quoted Hunter & Jacobus, p. 140 and taken from Tess notes.)
Biraques example of Cubism :
"Head of a Woman" released in 1909
Picasso's remake of his painting "Old Guitarist".
Old Guitarist...
Photography had a movement of its own with Italian photographers discovering the ability to take an x-ray. There were lots of experimenting with some slightly madder photographers trying to capture the spitit in motion.
Photodynamism
This was a movement run by an Italian Photographer called Anton Bragaglia. Instead of capturing people via cinematography Braglia decided he would capture the actual movement of time a person takes to move their body and the space they go through to change positions see below, ref Italianfuturism.com
"Cubism, 1900s-1910s:
Characteristics:
-splintered shapes, flattened space and geometric blocks of color
-quest to find a new concept of painting as an arrangement of form and color on a two-dimensional surface
-multiple angles
-reconstruct objects
-battle between what the eyes see and what the mind knows to be there – based on Einstein’s theory of relativity
Futurism, 1910s-1920s:
Characteristics:
-rejection of everything old, dull, “feminine” and safe
-promoted the exhilarating “masculine” experiences of warfare and reckless speed (of modern technology and urban life)"
Marinetti was the architect of Futurist movement here is a copy of hos Manifesto taken from Tess' notes.
The Futurist Manifesto of 1909 by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti:
We want to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and rashness.
The essential elements of our poetry will be courage, audacity and revolt.
Literature has up to now magniHied pensive immobility,
ecstasy and slumber. We want to exalt movements of
aggression, feverish sleeplessness, the double march,
the perilous leap, the slap and the blow with the Hist. (20-‐cover journal) We declare that the splendor of the world has been
enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed. A
racing automobile with its bonnet adorned with great
tubes like serpents with explosive breath ... a roaring
motor car which seems to run on machine-‐gun Hire is
more beautiful than the Victory of Samothrace. (21 Victory)
We want to sing the man at the wheel, the ideal axis of which crosses the earth, itself hurled along its orbit.
The poet must spend himself with warmth, glamour and prodigality to increase the enthusiastic fervor of the primordial elements.
Beauty exists only in struggle. There is no masterpiece that
has not an aggressive character. Poetry must be a violent
assault on the forces of the unknown, to force them to bow
before man. (22 poetry cover)
We are on the extreme promontory of
the centuries! What is the use of looking
behind at the moment when we must open
the mysterious shutters of the impossible?
Time and Space died yesterday. We are
already living in the absolute, since we
We want to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and rashness.
The essential elements of our poetry will be courage, audacity and revolt.
Literature has up to now magniHied pensive immobility,
ecstasy and slumber. We want to exalt movements of
aggression, feverish sleeplessness, the double march,
the perilous leap, the slap and the blow with the Hist. (20-‐cover journal) We declare that the splendor of the world has been
enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed. A
racing automobile with its bonnet adorned with great
tubes like serpents with explosive breath ... a roaring
motor car which seems to run on machine-‐gun Hire is
more beautiful than the Victory of Samothrace. (21 Victory)
We want to sing the man at the wheel, the ideal axis of which crosses the earth, itself hurled along its orbit.
The poet must spend himself with warmth, glamour and prodigality to increase the enthusiastic fervor of the primordial elements.
Beauty exists only in struggle. There is no masterpiece that
has not an aggressive character. Poetry must be a violent
assault on the forces of the unknown, to force them to bow
before man. (22 poetry cover)
We are on the extreme promontory of
the centuries! What is the use of looking
behind at the moment when we must open
the mysterious shutters of the impossible?
Time and Space died yesterday. We are
already living in the absolute, since we
have already created eternal, omnipresent speed.
We want to glorify war -‐ the only cure for the world -‐
militarism, patriotism, the destructive gesture of
the anarchists, the beautiful ideas which kill, and
contempt for woman.
We want to demolish museums and
libraries, Hight morality, feminism
and all opportunist and utilitarian
cowardice.
We will sing of the great crowds agitated by work,
pleasure and revolt; the multi-‐colored and polyphonic
surf of revolutions in modern capitals: the nocturnal
vibration of the arsenals and the workshops beneath
their violent electric moons: the gluttonous railway
stations devouring smoking serpents; factories
suspended from the clouds by the thread of their
smoke; bridges with the leap of gymnasts Hlung
across the diabolic cutlery of sunny rivers: adventurous
steamers snifHing the horizon; great-‐breasted locomotives,
pufHing on the rails like enormous steel horses with long
tubes for bridle, and the gliding Hlight of aeroplanes whose
propeller sounds like the Hlapping of a Hlag and the applause
of enthusiastic crowds.
It is in Italy that we are issuing this manifesto of ruinous and incendiary violence, by which we today are founding Futurism, because we want to deliver Italy from its gangrene of professors, archaeologists, tourist guides and antiquaries.
We want to glorify war -‐ the only cure for the world -‐
militarism, patriotism, the destructive gesture of
the anarchists, the beautiful ideas which kill, and
contempt for woman.
We want to demolish museums and
libraries, Hight morality, feminism
and all opportunist and utilitarian
cowardice.
We will sing of the great crowds agitated by work,
pleasure and revolt; the multi-‐colored and polyphonic
surf of revolutions in modern capitals: the nocturnal
vibration of the arsenals and the workshops beneath
their violent electric moons: the gluttonous railway
stations devouring smoking serpents; factories
suspended from the clouds by the thread of their
smoke; bridges with the leap of gymnasts Hlung
across the diabolic cutlery of sunny rivers: adventurous
steamers snifHing the horizon; great-‐breasted locomotives,
pufHing on the rails like enormous steel horses with long
tubes for bridle, and the gliding Hlight of aeroplanes whose
propeller sounds like the Hlapping of a Hlag and the applause
of enthusiastic crowds.
It is in Italy that we are issuing this manifesto of ruinous and incendiary violence, by which we today are founding Futurism, because we want to deliver Italy from its gangrene of professors, archaeologists, tourist guides and antiquaries.
ref. academics.smcvt.edu
Summary - Impressionism, Japanisme, Orientalism, Brutalism
I was asked to Summarise each class notes by Tess to catch up after work commitments prevented me from attending in class.
Summary - Impressionism, Japanisme, Orientalism, Brutalism
Impressionism
1855 - Gustav Courbet started his own gallery by building his own pavillion, he called it the "Painters Studio". His painting, "the Allegory", was considered a masterpiece and was one of the primary reasons for Courbet to begin his exhibition. This came about after the French Art Acadamy of the time rejected 2500 paintings for its annual exhibition. Napolean the III got involved, the ruler at the time and suggested that artist such as Courbet (brisque) should be entitled to exhibit their art. The Academy refused the head of state and so the "Salon des Refuses" was started, this was a rival place for the popular annual "Salon" viewing. ref. "A Real Allegory" by Kennith Clarke, artchive.com and Wikipedia "Salon Des Refuses"
The Allegory
ibiblio.com
Through changes within the French government and the artworld, Impressionism was born. A defining moment at an exhibition was created as a critic described one of Monet's paintings as unfinished, stating “Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.” (quoted Tess notes, Wikipedia on Monet’s Impression painting)
A lot of the different art movement happened as an indirect change in government or social structure including war. The Impressionist artists including Cezanne, Monet, Renoir and Sisley exhibited 8 times over 30 years. Their unity was essential to the movement. Otherwise the alternative was structure and rigidity from the Art Acadamie, hope for a spot on their wall and struggle on until you were noticed. It seems this exhibition at well know photographers, Felix Nadar, was a revolution in the art world, because the pieces were no longer being censored by the Academe, so bright vibrant colours and nudes etc were allowed. The exhibiton also changed the way art would be shown in the future, people starting up their own exhibitions in groups, in their own space. ref. impressionism.org.
Japanisme
The term Japonisme was coined by Phillipe Burty published in a french local rag, classifying it to all things Japanese. After the treaty of Kanagawawas signed in 1854, which ended sanctions on anything Japanese, Japanese Art started to flood the Western Art world.
Popular Wood block prints like the one below were being re-created by Western Artists
ref by google images
Popular western Artists were intrigued with Japanese art, usually becoming collectors in their own right. Van Gough first saw Japanese Art in Antwerp in 1885 and bought a few pieces. In 1886, Van Gogh's brother Theo, who ran an art gallery in Paris, put him in contact with a famous Japanese Artist Ukiyo-e. A slight co-incidence that an art gallery called, the Bing Gallery, was next door to Van gogh's apartment in Paris. They were a major supplier of Japanese Art and Vincent bought several of Ukiyo-e's works. ref Artlino.com
Primitivism
Primitivism is defined as by the online dictionary.com:
The Primitivism scene was best known for its exotic scenes and wildlife. Africa was being invaded by the white colonies and the art world was standing up and taking notice. Bright colours and animals were the main focus of the artist.The artist concentrated on simple forms but provided a real edge with emotional undertone conveyed in their painitings.
Henri Rousseu's image "Gypsy", shows a lion sniffing out a sleeping gypsy....
Changing Social Conditions
As society became more industrialised art stopped being about the elitist and became more mainstream, offering a fresh and raw view on the art world. With the existence of photography came a new debate about art work being copied and the legitimacy as photography as an art form. This could be looked at from a positive painters view point though, providing painters no need to capture the easily captured through film therefore concentrating on broader art forms.
Summary - Impressionism, Japanisme, Orientalism, Brutalism
Impressionism
1855 - Gustav Courbet started his own gallery by building his own pavillion, he called it the "Painters Studio". His painting, "the Allegory", was considered a masterpiece and was one of the primary reasons for Courbet to begin his exhibition. This came about after the French Art Acadamy of the time rejected 2500 paintings for its annual exhibition. Napolean the III got involved, the ruler at the time and suggested that artist such as Courbet (brisque) should be entitled to exhibit their art. The Academy refused the head of state and so the "Salon des Refuses" was started, this was a rival place for the popular annual "Salon" viewing. ref. "A Real Allegory" by Kennith Clarke, artchive.com and Wikipedia "Salon Des Refuses"
The Allegory
Through changes within the French government and the artworld, Impressionism was born. A defining moment at an exhibition was created as a critic described one of Monet's paintings as unfinished, stating “Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.” (quoted Tess notes, Wikipedia on Monet’s Impression painting)
A lot of the different art movement happened as an indirect change in government or social structure including war. The Impressionist artists including Cezanne, Monet, Renoir and Sisley exhibited 8 times over 30 years. Their unity was essential to the movement. Otherwise the alternative was structure and rigidity from the Art Acadamie, hope for a spot on their wall and struggle on until you were noticed. It seems this exhibition at well know photographers, Felix Nadar, was a revolution in the art world, because the pieces were no longer being censored by the Academe, so bright vibrant colours and nudes etc were allowed. The exhibiton also changed the way art would be shown in the future, people starting up their own exhibitions in groups, in their own space. ref. impressionism.org.
Japanisme
The term Japonisme was coined by Phillipe Burty published in a french local rag, classifying it to all things Japanese. After the treaty of Kanagawawas signed in 1854, which ended sanctions on anything Japanese, Japanese Art started to flood the Western Art world.
Popular Wood block prints like the one below were being re-created by Western Artists
Popular western Artists were intrigued with Japanese art, usually becoming collectors in their own right. Van Gough first saw Japanese Art in Antwerp in 1885 and bought a few pieces. In 1886, Van Gogh's brother Theo, who ran an art gallery in Paris, put him in contact with a famous Japanese Artist Ukiyo-e. A slight co-incidence that an art gallery called, the Bing Gallery, was next door to Van gogh's apartment in Paris. They were a major supplier of Japanese Art and Vincent bought several of Ukiyo-e's works. ref Artlino.com
Primitivism
Primitivism is defined as by the online dictionary.com:
a recurrent theory or belief, as in philosophy or art, that the qualities of primitive or chronologically early cultures are superior to those of contemporary civilization.
The Primitivism scene was best known for its exotic scenes and wildlife. Africa was being invaded by the white colonies and the art world was standing up and taking notice. Bright colours and animals were the main focus of the artist.The artist concentrated on simple forms but provided a real edge with emotional undertone conveyed in their painitings.
Henri Rousseu's image "Gypsy", shows a lion sniffing out a sleeping gypsy....
Changing Social Conditions
As society became more industrialised art stopped being about the elitist and became more mainstream, offering a fresh and raw view on the art world. With the existence of photography came a new debate about art work being copied and the legitimacy as photography as an art form. This could be looked at from a positive painters view point though, providing painters no need to capture the easily captured through film therefore concentrating on broader art forms.
Task 1 : Research an Artwork - Mona Lisa by Leonardo Divinci
Task 1
We have been introduced to the library resources and how to do research. After this presentation you will research the artwork you chose from the Powerpoint presentation last week and write three paragraphs about the work to hand in today. Try to write more than just the details of when and where the work was made, perhaps you can find some controversy or curious fact that excites you to write about!
Research Assignment - Mona Lisa
The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous artworks in the world. It was believed to be painted by the great artist of that time Leonardo Davinci between 1503-1506* ref. Elsgood; The model posing for the shot is Lisa Gheradini. Davinci was commissioned by her husband, Francesco Del Giocondo, to paint her portrait. Mona Lisa in Italian translates as My Lady Lisa.
Controversy surrounded the identity of the model. People believed the model to be a few different people including Davinci's lover, Gheradini or Davinci himself dressed up as a lady. These myths were dis-proven recently by researches at the Heidelberg University when a manuscript expert, Dr Armin Schlechter, confirmed the authenticity of a note made by a Florentine City Official, Agostino Vespucci, dated in early 1500's, confirming Davinci had been commissioned to paint Lisa Gheradini. *Elsgood, "German Experts Crack Mona Lisa's Smile", Reuters, Internet, 14 Jan 2008.
According to a reputable expert, Jacques Franck, the paintings eyes move because of the infinite detail that was put into the painting over two decades. Apparently the "cross hatching tecnique", could have been the reason, where Davinci would have been painted with brush in one hand micro-fying glass in the other! The Mona Lisa was stolen in 1910, adding to it's popularity. It's now one of the most recognisab,e peices of art the world has ever seen. *ref to www.independant.co.uk, article "Unmasking the Mona Lisa", 11 April 2006.
I like the lighting on the artwork. The backlit background, the hands, the chest and the attention to detail is outstanding. The colours from dark to light in the different layers. The artwork could be mistaken for a photograph, you can see why it took him two decades* to complete the work.
Getting Started with Research
Lecture 1
Research - The smart guide (paraphrasing the e-learn ppt document put up by Tess)
Write down the main topic of research that you want to study. Work out if there is any key phrasing that you can utilise to make sure the topic is researched properly. Look for words that might hone in your search on key areas.
Understand Your Topic
Write down the key directions given in the brief. This is done properly by looking for key words that are used as a set of instructions. These key words will be used as a reference point or checkpoints on a map. They might limit your research or broaden it. Write yourself a list of what you want to cover, then you can utilise this as a check list.
Key Doing Words - Might include : discuss, research, write, read, brief
Make a plan to do your research, hit the library and reference text books, DVD's, video's, journals etc.
it's probably the more wide spread the research the stronger knowledge you will have on the topic. You could use your key words as part of the checklist and write a few paragraphs on each word.
Useful databases include Artful text, ANZRC and Info Trac.
Internet - Beware the knowledge is uncontrolled, if you use the web, make sure you keep the source. Double check the information and ensure that the source is reliable and not "News of the World" in 1970.
Research - The smart guide (paraphrasing the e-learn ppt document put up by Tess)
Write down the main topic of research that you want to study. Work out if there is any key phrasing that you can utilise to make sure the topic is researched properly. Look for words that might hone in your search on key areas.
Understand Your Topic
Write down the key directions given in the brief. This is done properly by looking for key words that are used as a set of instructions. These key words will be used as a reference point or checkpoints on a map. They might limit your research or broaden it. Write yourself a list of what you want to cover, then you can utilise this as a check list.
Key Doing Words - Might include : discuss, research, write, read, brief
Make a plan to do your research, hit the library and reference text books, DVD's, video's, journals etc.
it's probably the more wide spread the research the stronger knowledge you will have on the topic. You could use your key words as part of the checklist and write a few paragraphs on each word.
Useful databases include Artful text, ANZRC and Info Trac.
Internet - Beware the knowledge is uncontrolled, if you use the web, make sure you keep the source. Double check the information and ensure that the source is reliable and not "News of the World" in 1970.
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